Mitosis and Meiosis

Phases of mitosis

Cells follow the pattern of a sequential process that ends in cell division, known as the cell cycle.

1. Prophase The replicated DNA that is intertwined is condensed into a more compact form known as a chromosome.

2. Metaphase The chromosomes line up right in the center of the cell.

3. Anaphase The mitotic spindle acts, what it does is separate the sister chromatids and drag them to opposite poles.

4. Telophase The chromosomes are decondensed in the usual way and the nucleus that contains them is regenerated.

The end result of mitosis is the formation of two interphase sister cells.

Meiosis I

In prophase I, the homologous chromosomes are very close, allowing parts to be exchanged between them.

Metaphase I occurs when chromosomes attach to the mitotic spindle.

Anaphase I, which is when these are transported to opposite poles.

Telophase I, where only cytokinesis occurs, that is, the separation into two cells.

Meiosis II

During prophase II, the mitotic spindle re-forms.

Metaphase II binds to chromosomes at its center.

Anaphase II separates sister chromatids toward opposite poles.

Telophase II forms the nucleus to contain the genetic content and the separation of the two cells occurs. The end result is four haploid cells.